Inhalants

Inhalants

www.druginfo.adf.org.au

Inhalants are a range of products that produce vapours which, when inhaled, may cause the person to feel intoxicated or 'high'.

Inhalants are depressant drugs. 

Inhalants Care & Treatment

Headaches

  • Paracetamol (Panadol)
  • Massage

Nausea 

  • Eat small meals and snacks often
  • Drink plenty of water
  • If vomiting, stop eating solid food and try small sips of liquid, or sucking an ice cube. Try a small amount of food once you have kept fluids down for a few hours
  • Rehydration/sports/isotonic drinks such as ‘Powerade'
  • Avoid citrus and caffeine on an empty stomach

Pronounced agitation or insomnia

Inhalants Clinical Features

Withdrawal symptoms are varied but people often report:

  • Excessive Sweating
  • Bad headaches like a severe hangover
  • Abdominal pains and nausea
  • Shaking, trembling, tiredness and muscle cramps
  • Severe cravings in the first few days
  • Hallucinations or visual disturbances 
  • After a week anxiety, depression, aggressive outbursts, trouble concentrating and irritability often occur. 

Inhalants Long-term harms & risks

  • pimples around mouth and lips; Pale appearance; Tremors
  • weight loss
  • tiredness
  • excessive thirst
  • loss of sense of smell and hearing
  • problems with blood production, which may result in problems such as anaemia
  • irregular heartbeat and damage to the heart muscle
  • forgetfulness and memory impairment
  • reduced attention and ability to think clearly and logically
  • liver and kidney damage
  • irritability
  • hostility
  • feeling depressed or feeling persecuted
  • chest pain or angina

Inhalants Short-term harms & risks

  • agitated, uneasy and aggressive
  • hallucinations and delusions
  • confusion and disorientation
  • impaired judgement
  • drowsiness
  • bloodshot, glazed eyes and blurred vision
  • irregular heart beat
  • chest pain
  • headaches
  • drowsiness
  • nosebleeds
  • runny nose
  • sneezing
  • unpleasant breath
  • slurred speech
  • impaired coordination and muscle control
  • nausea and vomiting
  • diarrhoea

Inhalants Tolerance

  • People who use inhalants on a regular basis may become dependent on them.
  • They may also develop a tolerance to inhalants, which means they will need to use larger amounts to get the same effect.
  • Evidence suggests that long-term use of inhalants may lead to psychological dependence.
  • People who are psychologically dependent on inhalants crave them and find it very difficult to stop using them
  • People who are psychologically dependent may feel an urge to use inhalants when they are in specific situations.

Withdrawal

Inhalants Route of administration & onset

  • The drug is inhaled through the nose or mouth.
  • It may be sprayed into a plastic bag, poured into a bottle or soaked into a cloth or sleeve before being inhaled.
  • Some drugs are inhaled directly from the container.
  • Sometimes they are sprayed directly into the mouth or nose.  This can be very dangerous and cause suffocation
  • The effects of inhalants may start to be felt immediately and can last for 45 minutes.

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